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Reference letter too poor? How to spot hidden downgrades

A reference letter often contains a secret code: what sounds friendly can in truth be a poor grade. You are entitled to a benevolent reference that does not hinder your advancement, and you can have wordings corrected.

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The reference must be truthful and benevolent and must not unnecessarily hinder your professional advancement (§ 109 GewO). You do not have to accept hidden downgrades and 'secret codes'.
Rule of thumb on the grade: 'always to our fullest satisfaction' = very good, 'always to our full satisfaction' = good, 'to our full satisfaction' = satisfactory, 'to our satisfaction' = sufficient. A missing thanks/regret formula at the end is also often considered a downgrade.

What you should do now

  1. 1

    1. Decode the code

    Check the performance and conduct assessment for the typical satisfaction formulas and for anything conspicuous (omissions, odd ordering).

  2. 2

    2. Name the correction concretely

    List the passages to be changed and your desired wording.

  3. 3

    3. Request in writing

    Demand the correction in writing with a deadline, politely but firmly.

  4. 4

    4. Note the burden of proof

    For a grade better than 'satisfactory' you must present your performance; for worse than satisfactory the employer bears the burden of proof.

Frequently asked questions

Am I entitled to a good grade?

You are entitled to a truthful and benevolent reference (§ 109 GewO). In a dispute the rule is: an average rating ('satisfactory') is the starting point; if you want a better rating, you must prove it, and for a grade worse than satisfactory the employer bears the burden of proof.

What does 'to our full satisfaction' mean?

In the usual reference language this corresponds to the grade 'good'. 'Always to our fullest satisfaction' is 'very good', 'to our full satisfaction' is only 'satisfactory' and 'to our satisfaction' merely 'sufficient'. Such fine differences matter, and they can be corrected in a targeted way.

Take action now

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General information for self-help, not legal advice (RDG). In case of a high loss or uncertainty: contact a consumer advice center or a lawyer.